{"id":3329,"date":"2021-11-03T10:46:05","date_gmt":"2021-11-03T09:46:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kbd.sk\/?p=3329"},"modified":"2024-06-18T10:30:20","modified_gmt":"2024-06-18T08:30:20","slug":"32-nedela-v-roku-b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kbd.sk\/index.php\/liturgicke-komentare\/32-nedela-v-roku-b\/","title":{"rendered":"Koment\u00e1r k liturgick\u00fdm \u010d\u00edtaniam 32. nedele v roku B"},"content":{"rendered":"

Prv\u00e9 \u010d\u00edtanie: <\/strong>1 Kr 17, 10<\/strong>-16<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n

Mot\u00edvom, ktor\u00fd sp\u00e1ja\u00a0 liturgick\u00e9 \u010d\u00edtania dne\u0161nej nedele, je nezi\u0161tn\u00e9 darovanie sa bez kalkul\u00e1cie. Protagonisti pr\u00edbehov v\u00a01. a\u00a03. \u010d\u00edtan\u00ed (evanjeliu) s\u00fa vdovy. V\u00a0starovekej spolo\u010dnosti postavenie vdovy\u00a0 a\u00a0jej ekonomick\u00e9 zabezpe\u010denie boli ve\u013emi neist\u00e9, najm\u00e4 ak nemala deti alebo pr\u00edbuzn\u00fdch, ktor\u00ed by jej poskytli z\u00e1zemie. Na tomto pozad\u00ed by n\u00e1m po\u017eiadavka proroka Eli\u00e1\u0161a na vdovu zo Sarepty mohla pripada\u0165 ako\u00a0 nemiestna, keby mu to neprik\u00e1zal s\u00e1m Boh. On, Bo\u017e\u00ed mu\u017e, na Bo\u017e\u00ed pr\u00edkaz oslov\u00ed vdovu, ktor\u00e1 so svoj\u00edm jedin\u00fdm synom \u017eije zo d\u0148a na de\u0148 a\u00a0p\u00fdta si nielen vodu, ale aj podplamenn\u00edk. Hovor\u00ed jej \u201eneboj sa\u201c. Aj on musel uveri\u0165, \u017ee Boh sa o\u00a0nich postar\u00e1. Udalos\u0165 je situovan\u00e1 do\u00a0obdobia kultu boha Ba\u00e1la, kana\u00e1nskeho boha plodnosti, kedy krajina napriek tomu trpela hladom… Alebo pr\u00e1ve preto. Boh Izraela\u00a0 zasiahol a\u00a0dopustil sucho, aby uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee \u00farodnos\u0165 krajine nezabezpe\u010duje \u017eiadny Ba\u00e1l, ale v\u0161etko z\u00e1vis\u00ed od prav\u00e9ho Boha Izraela. Chudobn\u00e1 vdova, pohanka, sa o\u00a0tom mohla presved\u010di\u0165 na z\u00e1klade vlastnej sk\u00fasenosti, ke\u010f ve\u013ekodu\u0161ne poskytla jedlo, ktor\u00e9 malo by\u0165 pokrmom pre \u0148u i\u00a0pre\u00a0jej jedin\u00e9ho syna, Bo\u017eiemu mu\u017eovi a\u00a0po tomto jej geste d\u00f4very\u00a0ani ona, ani jej dom netrpeli hladom. Gesto tejto \u017eeny je jednoduch\u00e9, ale aj ve\u013emi bohat\u00e9 na d\u00f4veru vo\u010di prorokov\u00fdm slov\u00e1m.<\/span><\/p>\n

Druh\u00e9 \u010d\u00edtanie: <\/strong><\/span>Hebr 9, 24<\/strong>-28<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>Druh\u00e9 \u010d\u00edtanie je s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou 9. kapitoly Listu Hebrejom, v\u00a0ktorej autor spisu porovn\u00e1va prv\u00fa zmluvu, sinajsk\u00fa, s\u00a0novou zmluvou. Obe zmluvy s\u00fa op\u00edsan\u00e9 so svojimi obradn\u00fdmi \u00fakonmi a\u00a0sv\u00e4ty\u0148ami. Maj\u00fa svojich k\u0148azov, ktor\u00ed konaj\u00fa bohoslu\u017ebu. Osobitne je op\u00edsan\u00e1 \u00faloha ve\u013ek\u0148aza, ktor\u00fd raz do roka, na De\u0148 zmierenia (Jom Kippur), vstupuje do Sv\u00e4tyne sv\u00e4t\u00fdch, aby prin\u00e1\u0161al obetu za svoje hriechy a\u00a0za hriechy \u013eudu.\u00a0 Kristus je predstaven\u00fd ako Ve\u013ek\u0148az, ktor\u00fd, nie ka\u017ed\u00fd rok, ale raz nav\u017edy\u00a0 vo\u0161iel so sv\u00e4tyne so svojou vlastnou krvou, aby touto svojou obetou zni\u010dil hriech. Kristus n\u00e1s v\u00a0pravej sv\u00e4tyni, ktorej t\u00e1 prv\u00e1 bola len predobrazom, zmieruje s\u00a0Otcom. Prin\u00e1\u0161a \u201eza n\u00e1s\u201c z\u00e1stupn\u00fa obetu, namiesto n\u00e1s sa postav\u00ed pred Otca, aby n\u00e1m sprostredkoval odpustenie hriechov.\u00a0 Jeho obeta je \u201eraz a\u00a0nav\u017edy\u201c, aby n\u00e1s vyviedol z\u00a0nerie\u0161ite\u013enej situ\u00e1cie, kedy ani ve\u013ek\u0148az prvej zmluvy nemohol z\u00edska\u0165 odpustenie hriechov, a\u00a0to ani ka\u017edoro\u010dne. A\u017e ve\u013ek\u0148az, ktor\u00fd bol Bo\u017e\u00ed syn, bol schopn\u00fd vzia\u0165 na seba hriechy mnoh\u00fdch, nielen Izraelitov, \u00a0a\u00a0by\u0165 prostredn\u00edkom odpustenia.<\/span><\/p>\n

Evanjelium: Mk 12, 38<\/strong>-44<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n

Evanjelista Marek n\u00e1m predstavuje Je\u017ei\u0161a, ktor\u00fd u\u010d\u00ed v chr\u00e1me. Spr\u00e1vanie z\u00e1konn\u00edkov pou\u017e\u00edva pre svojich posluch\u00e1\u010dov ako \u201eodstra\u0161uj\u00faci pr\u00edklad\u201c. Vymen\u00fava, pred ak\u00fdm spr\u00e1van\u00edm sa maj\u00fa jeho posluch\u00e1\u010di chr\u00e1ni\u0165: pred choden\u00edm v\u00a0dlh\u00fdch r\u00fachach, teda pred p\u00fatan\u00edm pozornosti na seba;\u00a0 pred pozdravmi na n\u00e1mestiach, ktor\u00e9 boli prejavom z\u00edskania verejn\u00e9ho uznania. N\u00e1mestia boli toti\u017e umiestnen\u00e9 pri mestsk\u00fdch br\u00e1nach, kde sa uskuto\u010d\u0148ovali aj verejn\u00e9 zhroma\u017edenia. V\u00a0synag\u00f3gach mali z\u00e1konn\u00edci \u00a0rezervovan\u00e9 privilegovan\u00e9 miesta, odl\u00ed\u0161en\u00e9 od miest pre \u013eud a\u00a0podobne na hostin\u00e1ch vyh\u013ead\u00e1vali \u010destn\u00e9 miesta pri hostite\u013eovi. T\u00fato amb\u00edciu kritizuje Je\u017ei\u0161 aj v\u00a0podobenstve o\u00a0hostine, v\u00a0ktorom odpor\u00fa\u010da vyh\u013ead\u00e1va\u0165 posledn\u00e9 miesta.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vystr\u00edha pred zneu\u017e\u00edvan\u00edm pohostinnosti vdov, ktor\u00e9 sa aj v\u00a0Je\u017ei\u0161ov\u00fdch \u010dasoch, podobne ako za \u010dias proroka Eli\u00e1\u0161a, nach\u00e1dzali v\u00a0 \u0165a\u017ekej soci\u00e1lnej situ\u00e1cii. St\u00e1valo sa, \u017ee z\u00e1konn\u00edci namiesto toho, aby sa pozorne zah\u013eadeli do T\u00f3ry, ktor\u00e1 im prikazovala chr\u00e1ni\u0165 vdovy (porov. Ex 22,21-23; Dt 10,18) \u201evyjedali ich domy\u201c. Mohlo \u00eds\u0165 napr. o\u00a0pou\u017e\u00edvanie domov vdov na modlitbu, \u00a0ktor\u00fa predl\u017eovali pr\u00e1ve kv\u00f4li pon\u00faknutej pohostinnosti. Tak e\u0161te viac vynik\u00e1 rozpor medzi u\u010den\u00edm Z\u00e1kona (T\u00f3ry) a\u00a0\u017eivotom u\u010dite\u013eov T\u00f3ry. Z\u00a0toho vypl\u00fdva aj \u201ev\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed trest\u201c pre t\u00fdch, ktor\u00ed mali v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie poznanie a\u00a0mali by\u0165 autentick\u00fdmi u\u010dite\u013emi \u013eudu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nasleduj\u00faca epiz\u00f3da s\u00a0chudobnou vdovou sa\u00a0odohrala na n\u00e1dvor\u00ed \u017eien Jeruzalemsk\u00e9ho chr\u00e1mu. Pr\u00e1ve na tomto mieste sa nach\u00e1dzala aj chr\u00e1mov\u00e1 pokladnica, ktor\u00e1 bola aj akousi \u201en\u00e1rodnou bankou\u201c Izraela. Pozost\u00e1vala z\u00a0trin\u00e1stich pokladni\u010diek, z\u00a0ktor\u00fdch \u0161es\u0165 bolo ur\u010den\u00fdch na dobrovo\u013en\u00e9 dary (sl\u00fa\u017eili aj na celopaln\u00e9 obety, \u017eivobytie k\u0148azov a\u00a0pomoc pre chudobn\u00fdch).<\/span><\/p>\n

Evanjelista opisuje Je\u017ei\u0161a, ako sed\u00ed oproti pokladnici, teda zauj\u00edma poz\u00edciu u\u010dite\u013ea a\u00a0pozoruje prin\u00e1\u0161anie finan\u010dn\u00e9ho daru do pokladnice. V centre pozornosti s\u00fa \u201emnoh\u00ed boh\u00e1\u010di, ktor\u00ed d\u00e1vali mnoho\u201c a jedna vdova, ktor\u00e1 dala dve lept\u00e1, to znamen\u00e1 najmen\u0161ie mince, platn\u00e9\u00a0 v\u00a0tom obdob\u00ed na \u00fazem\u00ed\u00a0Palest\u00edny.<\/span><\/p>\n

Je\u017ei\u0161 na pozad\u00ed tejto udalosti chce svojich u\u010den\u00edkov nie\u010do nau\u010di\u0165: zavol\u00e1 ich a\u00a0svoj v\u00fdklad udalosti za\u010dne sl\u00e1vnostn\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom \u201everu, hovor\u00edm v\u00e1m\u201c, na z\u00e1klade \u010doho u\u010den\u00edci ch\u00e1pali, \u017ee Je\u017ei\u0161 teraz povie d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fd v\u00fdrok. \u010co sa mali u\u010den\u00edci nau\u010di\u0165 z\u00a0pr\u00edkladu chudobnej vdovy?<\/span><\/p>\n

Nov\u00fa ekon\u00f3miu: \u017ee dve lept\u00e1 s\u00fa v\u00a0tomto pr\u00edpade viac ako mnoho ve\u013ek\u00fdch minc\u00ed. Jedna chudobn\u00e1 vdova dala viac ako mnoh\u00ed boh\u00e1\u010di a\u00a0dokonca jej dar prevy\u0161oval dary v\u0161etk\u00fdch. Je\u017ei\u0161 svoj\u00edm vysvetlen\u00edm pom\u00e1ha u\u010den\u00edkom dotiahnu\u0165 ch\u00e1panie hodnoty daru. Aj najmen\u0161ia minca m\u00f4\u017ee ma\u0165 v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iu hodnotu ako \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 peniaze. Pridan\u00e1 hodnota, ktor\u00e1 \u00faplne prevracia ve\u013ekos\u0165 daru, je \u010dlovek s\u00e1m a\u00a0sp\u00e4tos\u0165 jeho \u017eivota s darom. Boh\u00e1\u010di sa od darovan\u00fdch pe\u0148az\u00ed mohli \u013eahko di\u0161tancova\u0165: mo\u017eno ani nepoc\u00edtili, \u017ee ur\u010dit\u00fa finan\u010dn\u00fa \u010diastku odovzdali a\u00a0viac ju nemaj\u00fa k\u00a0dispoz\u00edcii. Neodovzd\u00e1vali seba, len materi\u00e1lne dobr\u00e1. \u00a0Naproti tomu pre chudobn\u00fa vdovu boli dve lept\u00e1 cel\u00e9 jej \u017eivobytie, odovzd\u00e1va\u00a0s\u00a0nimi aj cel\u00fd svoj \u017eivot. Jej dar je vyjadren\u00edm integrity celej osobnosti: vie, \u010do je l\u00e1ska, ktor\u00e1 ned\u00e1va nie\u010do, hoci aj ve\u013ea, ale d\u00e1va cel\u00e9 svoje bytie. Jej postoj je v\u00a0ostrom protiklade aj s postojmi z\u00e1konn\u00edkov, ktor\u00ed \u201evyjedali domy vdov\u201c. T\u00e1to vdova nenechala otupi\u0165 svoje srdce ani \u0165a\u017ekos\u0165ami a\u00a0nepriaz\u0148ou \u017eivota alebo aj in\u00fdch. U\u010ditelia Z\u00e1kona, ktor\u00ed mali nezi\u0161tne sl\u00fa\u017ei\u0165 Bohu i\u00a0\u013eu\u010fom a\u00a0pod\u013ea T\u00f3ry chr\u00e1ni\u0165 vdovy, chc\u00fa aj z\u00a0tejto slu\u017eby a\u00a0modlitby vy\u0165a\u017ei\u0165 aspo\u0148 nie\u010do pre seba. Na rozdiel od nich chudobn\u00e1 vdova je odovzdan\u00e1 do r\u00fak Boha, ktor\u00e9mu d\u00e1va v\u0161etko, i seba. \u00a0\u00a0A to je dar, ktor\u00fd sa p\u00e1\u010di Bohu aj dnes.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

sr. Monika Golianov\u00e1, FMA<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Prv\u00e9 \u010d\u00edtanie: 1 Kr 17, 10-16 Mot\u00edvom, ktor\u00fd sp\u00e1ja\u00a0 liturgick\u00e9 \u010d\u00edtania dne\u0161nej nedele, je nezi\u0161tn\u00e9 darovanie sa bez kalkul\u00e1cie. Protagonisti pr\u00edbehov v\u00a01. a\u00a03. \u010d\u00edtan\u00ed (evanjeliu) s\u00fa vdovy. V\u00a0starovekej spolo\u010dnosti postavenie…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":3330,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-3329","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-liturgicke-komentare"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kbd.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3329","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kbd.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kbd.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kbd.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kbd.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3329"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kbd.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3329\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4328,"href":"https:\/\/kbd.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3329\/revisions\/4328"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kbd.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3330"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kbd.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3329"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kbd.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3329"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kbd.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3329"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}