{"id":3001,"date":"2021-02-19T11:43:35","date_gmt":"2021-02-19T10:43:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kbd.sk\/?p=3001"},"modified":"2024-06-18T10:30:22","modified_gmt":"2024-06-18T08:30:22","slug":"komentar-k-liturgickym-citaniam-na-1-postnu-nedelu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kbd.sk\/index.php\/liturgicke-komentare\/komentar-k-liturgickym-citaniam-na-1-postnu-nedelu\/","title":{"rendered":"Koment\u00e1r k liturgick\u00fdm \u010d\u00edtaniam na 1. p\u00f4stnu nede\u013eu"},"content":{"rendered":"
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  1. \u010c\u00edtanie Gn 9,8-15<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u010c\u00edtan\u00e1 sta\u0165 obsahuje z\u00e1vere\u010dn\u00fa \u010das\u0165 biblick\u00e9ho pr\u00edbehu o\u00a0potope (6,1-9,17). Po vyjden\u00ed z\u00a0kor\u00e1ba sa Bohu zap\u00e1\u010di Noemova obeta a\u00a0s\u013e\u00fabi, \u017ee u\u017e nikdy nezaplav\u00ed zem (8, 20\u201322). V\u00a0tejto stati Boh obnovuje pr\u00eds\u013eub uzavret\u00edm zmluvy,\u00a0ktorej znamen\u00edm sa st\u00e1va d\u00faha. D\u00faha nie je stvoren\u00e1 po potope, ale je po nej pou\u017eit\u00e1 ako znak a\u00a0pripomienka novej zmluvy, ktor\u00fa Boh uzatv\u00e1ra nielen s\u00a0Noemom a\u00a0jeho synmi, ale aj s\u00a0ich potomstvom \u010do po nich pr\u00edde. Okrem toho do tejto zmluvy s\u00fa zahrnut\u00e9 v\u0161etky \u017eiv\u00e9 bytosti, ktor\u00e9 vy\u0161li z kor\u00e1ba: vt\u00e1ctvo a\u00a0dobytok a\u00a0zvery ako aj zvierat\u00e1, \u010do s\u00fa na\u00a0 zemi. Opis \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edkov zmluvy takto pripom\u00edna prv\u00fa spr\u00e1vu o\u00a0stvoren\u00ed (Gn 1,1-2,4) a\u00a0spolu s\u00a0\u00favodom deviatej kapitoly, kde sa p\u00ed\u0161e o\u00a0po\u017eehnan\u00ed a pr\u00edkaze plodenia a\u00a0mno\u017eenia sa, nazna\u010duje \u017ee ide o stvorite\u013esk\u00fa zmluvu. Tak ako prv\u00e9 stvorenie vzi\u0161lo z\u00a0oddelenia v\u00f4d pod oblohou od v\u00f4d nad oblohou a\u00a0oddelenia s\u00fa\u0161e od mora, tak po opadnut\u00ed v\u00f4d a\u00a0vyjden\u00ed z\u00a0kor\u00e1ba na s\u00fa\u0161 je Noe nov\u00fdm Adamom, ktor\u00fd dost\u00e1va nov\u00fa \u0161ancu na bud\u00facnos\u0165. Pre\u017eitie v\u00f4d potopy v\u00a0kor\u00e1be je predobrazom prechodu cez vody \u010cerven\u00e9ho mora, kde sa rod\u00ed vyvolen\u00fd n\u00e1rod, s ktor\u00fdm uzatv\u00e1ra Boh zmluvu skrze Moj\u017ei\u0161a na Sinaji (Ex19). Dejiny sp\u00e1sy vrcholia v\u00a0novej zmluve predpovedanej Jeremi\u00e1\u0161om (Jer 31,33), ktor\u00fa Je\u017ei\u0161 Kristus – nov\u00fd Adam \u2013 uzavrel \u00a0svojou krvou na kr\u00ed\u017ei ako nov\u00fa a\u00a0ve\u010dn\u00fa zmluvu.<\/p>\n

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    1. \u010c\u00edtanie 1 Pt 3,18-22<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Kompoz\u00edcia Prv\u00e9ho Petrovho listu je postaven\u00e1 na troch t\u00e9mach: vyvolen\u00fd status komunity (1,14-2,10); kres\u0165ania ako cudzinci v tomto svete (2,11-3,12) a utrpenia \u017eivota v diaspore (3,13-5,11), kde s\u00fa adres\u00e1ti listu s\u00fa povzbudzovan\u00ed Kristov\u00fdm pr\u00edkladom. V\u00a0stati 3,18-22 je Kristovo vykupite\u013esk\u00e9 utrpenie za hrie\u0161nikov aplikovan\u00e9 na krst. S\u00fa tu pr\u00edtomn\u00e9 prvky vyznania viery, ktor\u00e9 sa v prvotnej cirkvi pou\u017e\u00edvalo pri sl\u00e1ven\u00ed krstu. Najprv je uveden\u00fd odkaz na prvotn\u00fa kerygmu o Je\u017ei\u0161ovej smrti a jeho zm\u0155tvychvstan\u00ed (3,18), zmienka o zost\u00fapen\u00ed k\u00a0zosnul\u00fdm (3,19), ale aj odkaz na pr\u00edbeh potopy ako predobraz krstu (3,20-21) a\u00a0nakoniec zmienkou o\u00a0vyst\u00fapen\u00ed do neba a mieste po pravici Boha v\u00a0plnosti moci (3,22). Cel\u00e1 sta\u0165 je poskladan\u00e1 z mnoh\u00fdch odkazov na r\u00f4zne biblick\u00e9 texty, a tak na jednej strane poskytuje bohatstvo prvokres\u0165anskej trad\u00edcie, ale na druhej strane sa niektor\u00e9 pas\u00e1\u017ee \u0165a\u017e\u0161ie vysvet\u013euj\u00fa. Plat\u00ed to najm\u00e4 o\u00a0interpret\u00e1cii k\u00e1zania duchom, \u010do boli vo v\u00e4zen\u00ed (3,19), ktor\u00e9 v\u00a0dejin\u00e1ch v\u00fdkladu na\u0161lo svoje miesto v\u00a0\u010dl\u00e1nku viery o\u00a0zost\u00fapen\u00ed k\u00a0zosnul\u00fdm. V\u00a0podstate cel\u00e1 sta\u0165 prispela k\u00a0tvorbe prvokres\u0165ansk\u00e9ho vyznania viery, ktor\u00e9 po\u010das p\u00f4stu dost\u00e1vaj\u00fa katechumeni pripravuj\u00faci sa na krst. V\u00a0r\u00e1mci textov prvej p\u00f4stnej nedele je preto d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fdm tvrdenie, \u017ee z\u00e1chrana \u013eudstva v\u00a0Noemovom kor\u00e1be je predobrazom krstu.<\/p>\n

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      1. Evanjelium Mk 1,12-15<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Markov stru\u010dn\u00fd opis pok\u00fa\u0161ania Je\u017ei\u0161a na p\u00fa\u0161ti nadv\u00e4zuje na trochu ob\u0161\u00edrnej\u0161ie, ale tie\u017e relat\u00edvne stru\u010dn\u00e9 uvedenie udalosti Je\u017ei\u0161ovho krstu v\u00a0Jord\u00e1ne (Mk 1,4-11). Nekompromisn\u00e1 stru\u010dnos\u0165 a dynamika opisu tohto prechodu od krstu v\u00a0Jord\u00e1ne do p\u00fa\u0161te nemus\u00ed \u00eds\u0165 na vrub kostrbatej\u0161ej \u0161tylistike, ktor\u00e1 je pre evanjelistu Marka pr\u00edzna\u010dn\u00e1. Na rozdiel od Mat\u00fa\u0161a a\u00a0Luk\u00e1\u0161a, ktor\u00ed poskytuj\u00fa v\u00a0troch krokoch detailnej\u0161ie inform\u00e1cie o\u00a0pok\u00fa\u0161an\u00ed Je\u017ei\u0161a a\u00a0jeho v\u00ed\u0165azstve, v\u00a0pr\u00edpade Marka je Je\u017ei\u0161 pas\u00edvny a\u00a0je sk\u00f4r objektom \u2013 osobou, ktorej sa t\u00fdka \u010dinnos\u0165 in\u00fdch. Subjektom je Duch, ktor\u00fd hnal Je\u017ei\u0161a na p\u00fa\u0161\u0165 a\u00a0tie\u017e satan, ktor\u00fd ho pok\u00fa\u0161al i\u00a0anjeli, ktor\u00ed mu posluhovali. T\u00fdmto sp\u00f4sobom sa ukazuje vstup Je\u017ei\u0161a do duchovn\u00e9ho boja a zlomenie moci satana, ktor\u00e9 bude ma\u0165 pokra\u010dovanie po\u010das cel\u00e9ho jeho verejn\u00e9ho \u00fa\u010dinkovania. V\u00a0Je\u017ei\u0161ovi sa pribl\u00ed\u017eilo Bo\u017eie kr\u00e1\u013eovstvo a\u00a0siln\u00fd protivn\u00edk je vyh\u00e1\u0148an\u00fd zo svojich poz\u00edcii. Zmienka o\u00a0divej zveri zv\u00fdraz\u0148uje nehostinnos\u0165 a\u00a0bezprostredn\u00fa hrozbu, ktorej je Je\u017ei\u0161 na p\u00fa\u0161ti vystaven\u00fd. Div\u00e1 zver v\u0161ak vo vz\u0165ahu k\u00a0Je\u017ei\u0161ovi nevyv\u00edja \u017eiadnu aktivitu, \u010do sa vysvet\u013euje pr\u00edtomnos\u0165ou sl\u00fa\u017eiacich anjelov. V\u00a0tomto kontexte sa ukazuje odozva \u017d 91,10-13: \u201eNestihne \u0165a nijak\u00e9 ne\u0161\u0165astie a k tvojmu stanu sa nepribl\u00ed\u017ei pohroma, lebo svojim anjelom d\u00e1 pr\u00edkaz o tebe, aby \u0165a str\u00e1\u017eili na v\u0161etk\u00fdch tvojich cest\u00e1ch. Na ruk\u00e1ch \u0165a bud\u00fa nosi\u0165, aby si si neuderil nohu o kame\u0148. Bude\u0161 si kr\u00e1\u010da\u0165 po vretenici a po zmiji, leva i draka roz\u0161liape\u0161.\u201c Zmienka o\u00a0\u0161tyridsa\u0165d\u0148ovom pobyte Je\u017ei\u0161a na pustatine odkazuje nielen na\u00a0postavu Moj\u017ei\u0161a (Ex 34,28) a\u00a0Eli\u00e1\u0161a (1 Kr 19, 1-8), ale aj na \u0161tyridsa\u0165 rokov, po\u010das ktor\u00fdch putoval vyvolen\u00fd n\u00e1rod po p\u00fa\u0161ti.<\/p>\n

        \n

        \u0160tefan Novotn\u00fd<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        \u010c\u00edtanie Gn 9,8-15 \u010c\u00edtan\u00e1 sta\u0165 obsahuje z\u00e1vere\u010dn\u00fa \u010das\u0165 biblick\u00e9ho pr\u00edbehu o\u00a0potope (6,1-9,17). Po vyjden\u00ed z\u00a0kor\u00e1ba sa Bohu zap\u00e1\u010di Noemova obeta a\u00a0s\u013e\u00fabi, \u017ee u\u017e nikdy nezaplav\u00ed zem (8, 20\u201322). V\u00a0tejto stati…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":3002,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-3001","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-liturgicke-komentare"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kbd.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3001","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kbd.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kbd.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kbd.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kbd.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3001"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kbd.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3001\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4363,"href":"https:\/\/kbd.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3001\/revisions\/4363"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kbd.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3002"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kbd.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3001"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kbd.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3001"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kbd.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3001"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}